Abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic effect of capreomycin(CPM) ultrasound aerosol inhalation spray combined with antitubercular agents in the treatment of retreated sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods126 retreated patients with sputum positive for AFB were randomly divided into two groups: CPM aerosolization combined with rational chemotherapy was given in the treatment group, and chemotherapy only for the control group. ResultsAfter 3 months of treatment,the rate of sputum negative conversion and radiological improvement of patients in the treatment group were 82.5% and 93.7% respectively,much higher than those of the control group (73.0% and 80.9% respectively).There are statistically significant differences between two groups respectively (P<0.01). ConclusionsOur study showed that antitubercular agents combined with CPM ultrasonic aerosolization had higher efficacy than chemotherapy alone. It needs to be studied further.

Key words: pulmonary tuberculosis/drug therapy, antitubercular agents, Capreomycin sulfate, drug therapy,combination, administration,inhalation, case-control studies