Abstract: Objective To investigate the antituberculosis efficacy of newly developed nanoparticulate forms of streptomycin（SM） for parenteral administration in comparison with conventional preparation "streptomycin sulfate for injections".Methods SPF female BALB/c mice were infected with M.tuberculosis（H₃₇Rv,ATCC27294,10⁷CFU/mouse,iv）.Infected mice were treated ip as follows: Untreated（saline）,5 times per week;SM sulfate USP,200 mg/kg,5 times per week（positive control）;SM sulfate USP,100 mg/kg,twice weekly（comparative control）;SM-NP BSA,100 mg/kg,twice weekly;SM-NP CRM,100 mg/kg,twice weekly.SM formulations were administered ip for 28 days.Four mice from each group were assessed for CFU count and organ weights on days 14,28 and 56.Results All animals survived in NP-SM CRM group,received 800 mg cumulative dose of SM,while survival rate for positive control（SM USP,cumulative 4000 mg） was 92%,and for comparative control（SM USP,total 800 mg） was 58%.Bacterial count in lungs and spleen were significantly lower（2.53 orders of magnitude） in NP groups.Conclusions The activity of Streptomycin,incorporated into biodegradable NP,was significantly improved in comparison to a conventional formulation using an acute murine tuberculosis infection model.It resulted in an 80% decrease of total dose of SM with an increased survival rate.

Key words: tuberculosis chemotherapy, nanoparticulate forms, streptomycin, disease model, animal