Abstract: Objective To understand the chemotherapy history and the antituberculosis drug resistance among the retreated smear-positive tuberculosis patients in Zhejiang,and to provide evidence for estimating applicability of standard chemical therapy regiment for retreated smear-positive tuberculosis patients. Methods According to the Guidelines for Surveillance of Drug Resistance in Tuberculosis of WHO/IUATLD,30 counties were randomly selected with population proportionate cluster sampling method.Proportion method was used for drug sensitivity test.The data of the drug resistant surveillance and the clinical information questionnaire recording treatment history of all retreated smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases enrolled were analyzed. Results The rate of drug resistance and multi-drug resistance was 52.9% and 29.7% respectively,the order of drug resistance rate arranged from high level to low level was H(38.1%),R(34.8%),S(29.7%),E(13.5%).Any drug resistance rate and multi-drug resistance(MDR) rate in the finished treatment course cases were 77.3% and 52.3% respectively,which was the highest among all cases,and the second highest rate was that in the first time treatment cases with the drug resistant rate and MDR rate were 45.1% and 23.2%. The trends of any drug resistant rate and MDR rate increased with the increasing of treatment period and drug variety. Conclusion Drug resistance rate varies in different types of the first time retreated pulmonary tuberculosis patients due to the history of drug use,which indicates that the current standard retreatment regimen is probably ineffective for some patients.It is suggested that chemical therapy regiment for retreated smear-positive tuberculosis patients should be various.

Key words: pulmonary,tuberculosis/drug therapy, retreatment, drug resistance,multiple