Abstract: Objective To analyze the main cause of high sputum smear positive vising rate during the past years.To evaluate the effection of smear positive TB control,To make science basement for TB infection control.Methods 8609 cases of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis registered during 1991～2000,7465 cases of new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis and the statistic and analysis were adopted,which showing the TB epidemic in Yunnan province.Results The smear positive rate shows a rise trend,the average rise rate is 4.8% during 1991～2000.The male smear positive rate is higher than that in female ( P＜0.05);The smear positive cases is high in 25～34 years old group,7465 new smear positive cases are found in the 10 years,which is only 10.5% of that should be found,the cure rate is 74.3%.Conclusion The low cure rate and low found rate is the main cause of high smear positive rate.So the government admit the administrative intervention and implement TB technical control measule to reduce the TB epidemic situation.

Key words: Pulmonary tuberculosis/prevention and control, Yunnan province