Abstract: Penicilliosis marneffei (PSM) mainly occurs in immunocompromised people especially in patients of HIV infection.The clinical symptoms and signs of PSM are lack of specificity. Penicillium marneffei (PM) is critical for the culture condition and the positive rate is low. It’s easy to be misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. One case of penicilliosis marneffei without HIV infection in our hospital who had a disseminated lesion and was misdiagnosed as tuberculosis at beginning.was discussed from clinical feature to treatment.

Key words: Penicillium chrysogenum, Mycoses, Tuberculosis, Referral and consultation, Diagnosis, differential, Outcome and process assessment (health care)