Abstract: Objective  To analyze the management strategies of tuberculosis (TB) patients in different countries, and to explore the effective management model.  Methods  Three databases (CHKD, Wanfang Data and PubMed), four websites of health institutions (WHO, USCDC, China MOH and CDC) and searching engine Google Scholar were applied with key words “tuberculosis, management, control, strategy, policy”.A total of 384 literatures were retrieved including both papers and policy documents, 25 papers were ultimately included in the analysis for the description or evaluation of TB management strategies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria，of which 3 papers were related to TB legislation, 14 papers were related to the management of TB patients through Directly observed treatment(DOT) and 8 papers were related to public-private mix strategy and public-public mix strategy.  Results  Some countries such as Japan and Russia have developed special TB legislations to figure out the responsibility of government and major measures to control TB. The legislations were effective to control TB and the prevalence of TB decreased. There were 55 million TB patients received DOT during 1995 to 2011. DOT increased the cure rate (the cure rate of new pulmonary TB patients reached 96.8% and that of retreatment patients reached 91.1% in China), decreased the drug-resistant rate (which was decreased by 93% in USA) and improved the treatment completed rate of homeless with poor treatment compliance (which was 75.2% for DOT management group and 26.7% for self-management group in Spanish). In resource-limited region, family or community supervision can also achieve good effect. There were 15 countries implemented PPM-DOTS in 2009, which increased the registration rate (with 12% increased in India), the treatment successful rate (which exceeded 90% and the lost rate was lower than 1% in Nepal), the regular treatment rate (which reached 90% in China) and treatment compliance (which reached 98% in Bengal).  Conclusion  It is urgent to develop TB legislation, selecting suitable model of TB treatment management according to local situation and strengthening the public-public mix cooperation in order to control TB effectively and decrease the prevalence.

Key words: Tuberculosis/drug therapy, Patient compliance, Medication therapy management, Directly observed therapy