Abstract: Three most common methods in Health Economics such as cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, cost-benefit were employed to assess the social effect, social utility and social cost during the implementation of the National Tuberculosis Control Programme (2001—2010) (referred to as the “NTP”). Data come from “NTP” final assessment report and China Statistical Yearbook-2011. The results showed that the total of about 8.36 billion yuan of a variety of resources were invested during the implementation of the“NTP”, successfully treated with 4.31 million cases of infectious TB patients, prevented 32.31 (19.39-48.47) million healthy people from infection, about 3.23 (1.94-4.85) million healthy people were avoided becoming pulmonary tuberculosis cases, and 2.26 (1.36-3.39) billion yuan of medical cost was saved. On the other hand, about 389.44 billion yuan of the social and economic losses altogether were saved because of patients’ recovery and social productivity loss reduction with successful treatment. On the basis of the current staff and facilities, additional input of the government with one yuan can produce the economic benefits of 46.8 yuan. Only 259 yuan needed to avoid a healthy person infected and only 272 yuan needed to save the loss of a DALY. The implementation of the “NTP” has achieved good social and economic effects, and it is recommended that the government at each level continues to increase the investment of TB control.

Key words: Tuberculosis,pulmonary/prevention &, control, Tuberculosis,pulmonary/economics, Costs and cost analysis, Cost-benefit analysis