Abstract: Objective To determine the efficacy of systemic antituberculosis chemotherapy combined with antituberculosis drugs administration by fiberobronchoscopy and aerosol inhalation in endobronchial tuberculosis.  Methods 228 patients with endobrochial tuberculosis were recuited and divided randomly into a study group with 116 cases and a control group with 112 cases. Systemic antituberculosis chemotherapy and antituberculosis drugs administration by fiberobronchoscopy and aerosol inhalation were given to the study group. The control group recieved systemic antituberculosis chemotherapy alone. The clinical outcomes after 2 months and 8 months’ treatment between two groups were compared.  Results At the end of 2 months and 8 months’ therapy, the improvement on clinical symptoms, radiographic and bronchoscopic manifestations and sputum negative convertion rate in the study group were significant higher than those in the control group(P<0.01, P<0.05). The efficacy on subtypes of granuloma and ulcer in the study group was better than that of control group(P<0.01, P<0.05).  Conclusion  The combination of systemic antituberculosis chemotherapy with antituberculosis drugs administration by fiberobronchoscopy andaerosol inhalation is more effective than that of systemic chemotherapy alone in endobronchial tuberculosis.

Key words: tuberculosis, bronchi/drug therapy, drug administration routes, administration,inhalation