Abstract: Objective To evaluate distribution characteristics of nosocomial infectious pathogens and drug resistance in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in order to guide clinical use of drugs. Methods One handred and thirty-nine clinical isolated strains with positive culture from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in our hospital were compared with 209 clinical isolated strains with positive culture from patients with non-pulmoary tuberculosis.  Results Of 139 clinical isolated strains from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, 86(61.9%) strains were Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa(22.3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae(13.7%), Acinetobacter(10.8%), Escherichia coli(6.5%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(3.6%), and Enterobacter cloacae(2.1%), and 32 were Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus(12.2%), Enterococcus(5.8%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis(2.1%), and fungi were 21(15.1%). The rates of infection were high in pulmonary tuberculosis patients combined with diabetes, COPD, bronchiectasis and pulmonary tuberculosis patients with bilateral lung lesions. They were 65.6%, 87.5%, 64.7% and 57.4%, respectively. Among non-pulmonary tuberculosis patients with lower respiratory tract infection, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 34.0% and the fung was 6.4%. The proportion of Gram-positive bacteria infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis decreased (23.0%), however, the proportion of fungal infection increased(15.1%). Conclusion The pulmonary tuberculosis with lower respiratory tract infection associated with a variety of factors, and the bacterial resistance is also serious. It is necessary to take measures ofinfection control for clinical patients.

Key words: tuberculosis,pulmonary, cross infection, drug resistance bacterial