Abstract: Objective To study psychological health status and influencing factors of urban and rural pulmonary tuberculosis patients in order to provide social-psychological base to improve the comprehensive treatment of the pulmonary tuberculosis patients.  Methods 1:1 paired matching between case and control. 300 cases of urban and rural pulmonary tuberculosis were selected randomly. A self-designed questionnaire, symptom checklist (SCL-90) and social support rating scale (SSRS) were used for a questionnaire survey. The database was established with Epidata 3.02. Data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0. Statistical Methods including t-test, analysis of variance and multiple stepwise regressions were used for analysis.  Results The 9 factors of pulmonary tuberculosis patients assessed by the SCL-90 all showed significant difference in comparison with the domestic standard model (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The scores of 9 factors, the total scores and number of positive factors of the rural group were significantly higher than the urban group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis shows that the main influencing factors of psychological health status of the rural group is age, sex, income, living space, life satisfaction, degree of TB knowledge awareness. For the urban group, they are age and life satisfaction. The SSRS result shows that subjective support, objective support, support utilization and total score of social support of the rural group are much lower than the urban group (P<0.01).  Conclusion Pulmonary tuberculosis,patients have poor psychological health and low social support. Psychological health status of tuberculosis patients in rural areas are even worse due to many affecting factors. The psychological intervention, psychological support treatment and health education should be implemented along with the chemical treatment to improve the psychological health of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and to boost the confidence to cure the disease.

Key words: tuberculosis,pulmonary/psycholog, psychiatric status rating scales, case-control study.