Abstract: Objective To study the baseline data of inpatients who received retreatment of antituberculosis as the first time, so as to provide evidence for making standardized and reasonable chemotherapy regimen, and to increase cure rate and strengthen management work of prevention and treatment.  Methods We investigated and analysed retrospectively clinical characteristics and risk factors of inpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis who received the first retreatment in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from January 2003 to December 2005.   Results Among the inpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis,there were 498 patients who were retreated as the first time, accounting for 13.1% of all the inpatients with pulmonary tuberculosis during the same period. The rate of sputum smear positive was 52.8%. The drug resistant rates of streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol were 34.8%, 46.8%, 28.4% and 24.8% respectively. The drug resistant rate of isoniazid combinated with rifampicin was 26.2%. 51.7% of the patients had complications in various degrees and the most common complications were diabetes, basic liver disease and hypoproteinemia. Drug-reltated adverse effects before or after this hospitalization was 81 case-times. 35.1% of the patients had irregular antituberculosis treatment history caused often by drug-related adverse effects. The patients greater than 45-year old with first retreatment from Shanghai acconted for approximately 70%,and especially patients greater than 60-year old accounted for 43.7%. However, about 60% of patients from other cities was less than 45-year old.  Conclusion s The first time retreated inpatients have particular characteristics. Drug resistance, poor basic conditions, many complications, complicated extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, malnutrition, drug-related adverse reactions and irregular treatment are risk factors of retreated tuberculosis.

Key words: tuberculosis, pulmonary, retreatment, Shanghai city