Abstract: Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of TXA and PAMBA in the treatment of tuberculosis with hemoptysis.Methods A prospective randomized multicenter study was con- ducted from 2002 to 2003.Tuberculosis patients with mild to moderate hemoptysis were assigned to the TXA group(n=60)and the PAMBA group(n=58).The patients were similar with respect to sex and age distribution,history and severity of hemoptysis,and bronchiectasis.Results The cure rates were 55% for the TXA group and 41.4% for the PAMBA group after 3 days of treatment (P>0.05),and 95% and 81% respectively after 7 days of treatment(P<0.01).Either TXA or PAMBA was more effective for patients with new-onset hemoptysis than for those with repeated he- moptysis,without obvious side-effect.Conclusions The therapeutic effect of TXA for tuberculosis hemoptysis was similar to that of PAMBA after 3 days of treatment,but was superior to PAMBA after 7 days of treatment.

Key words: Pulmonary tuberculosis, Hemoptysis, Tranexamic acid, Para-aminomethylbenzoic acid