Abstract: Objective To improve the ability to differentiate the two diseases through the analysis of causes for PBC being long-term misdiagnosed as pulmanory tuberculosis (TB). Methods Retrospective analysis of 17 cases which are verified through surgical pathology as PBC which bad been long-term misdiagnosed as pulmonary TB.Results PBC being long-term misdiagnosed as pulmonary TB to PBC being treated by operation the same time is 43.6%(17/39). Main symtoms: cough, sputum, hemorrhage, thoracic pain, low fever and tired. Chest X-ray shows variedly, globular of 10 cases, the part with satellite focus and calcification, cavity or melting, etc. Big uneven density flat of 5 cases, unilatery damaged lung of 1 case, interlobe fluid of 1 case. Of all patients sputum for tuberculous bacterium is negative. Sputum, hemorrhage and fever repeatly occur through regularly anti-tuberculosis treatment of 11 cases (64.7%) uneffective of 6 cases (35.5%). Conclusion Causes of misdiagnosis are the lack of knowledge about atypical PBC. PBC should be considered in patients with negative sputum for tuberculous bacterium but clinical symptoms resembling pulmonary TB and after treated by regularly anti-tuberculosis repeatly occuring or effective.

Key words: Bronchogenic cyst, Misdiagnosis, Tuberculosis,Pulmonary