Abstract: Objective: The implementation status, problems and reasonable suggestions of tuberculosis prevention and control in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were investigates and analyzed through in-depth interviews, so as to provide basis for improvement and sustainable development of tuberculosis prevention and control in Xinjiang. Methods: A semi-structured interview was conducted in 27 systematic randomly sampled relevant staff engaged in tuberculosis prevention and control in four southern Xinjiang prefectures (Aksu Prefecture, Hotan Prefecture, Kashi Prefecture, and Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture). Information was condensed based on the grounded theoretical framework, and interview texts were sorted, coded and refined. Results: Three themes of the effectiveness, problems and suggestions of the tuberculosis prevention and control in southern Xinjiang from the interview text were extracted, the effectiveness, shortcomings and problems of the implementation,and reasonable suggestions of the tuberculosis prevention and control in southern Xinjiang were deeply investigated and qualitatively analyzed. Conclusion: After the implementation of the new tuberculosis prevention and control in Southern Xinjiang, the way of patient detection, the number of patients and the management of treatment have been significantly improved. At present, there are still some deficiencies. It is still necessary to constantly improve and enrich the tuberculosis prevention and control in Southern Xinjiang, put forward scientific and effective strategies and paths for tuberculosis prevention and control in Xinjiang, to effectively control the occurrence and spread of tuberculosis, and achieve the goal of “End TB Strategy” in Xinjiang as soon as possible.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Disease management, Health policy, Qualitative research, Outcome assessment (health care)