Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) between Mabian Autonomous County and Muchuan County which located in Yi and non Yi districts in Sichuan Pro-vince during 2006-2015. Methods There were 1733 and 1131 registered PTB patients in Mabian Yi Autonomous County and Muchuan County in the ‘National TB Reporting Information Management System’ during 2006-2015, respectively. A descriptive statistics analysis was conducted to analyze the epidemiological distribution characteristics of age, gender, ethnic, and regional of PTB patients in the two counties. Results The average registration rate of PTB was 83.78/100 000 (1733/2 068 456) in Mabian Yi Autonomous County from 2006 to 2015, and 43.84/100 000 (1131/2 579 967) in Muchuan County. The registration rate of PTB patients declined obviously from 65.04/100 000 (167/256 758) in 2006 to 12.52/100 000 (32/255 650) in 2015 in Muchuan County (χ²_{trend=125.15, P<0.05). The registration rate of PTB was 96.71/100 000 (181/187 157) in Mabian Yi Autonomous County in 2006 and 98.86/100 000 (213/215 449) in 2015 with little change in the past 10 years. The average registration rate of male PTB patients was 109.19/100 000 (1170/1 071 486) in Mabian Yi Autonomous County, which was higher than that of female patients (56.47/100 000 (563/996 970)); the difference was statistically significant (χ²=171.48, P<0.05). The average registration rate of male PTB patients was 66.76/100 000 (915/1 370 503) in Muchuan County, which was higher compared with female patients (17.86/100 000 (216/1 209 464)); the difference was statistically significant (χ²=350.73, P<0.05). The registration incidence peak appeared in 30- young adults which accounted for 27.52% (477/1733) in Mabian Yi Autonomous County from 2006 to 2015, while a peak appeared in the 40- older group in Muchuan County which accounted for 19.98% (226/1131). During 2006-2015, the Yi nationality patients accounted for 84.25% (1460/1733), which was more than Han nationality (15.52% (269/1733)) in Mabian Yi Autonomous County, while Han nationality patients accounted for 99.56% (1126/1131) in Muchuan County; the difference was statistically significant (χ²=341.30 and 8785.64, respectively, P<0.05). The number of registered PTB in rural accounted for 96.19% (1667/1733), which was higher than that in urban (3.81% (66/1733)) Mabian Yi Autonomous County, and the registered patients in rural accounted for 78.87% (892/1131), which was higher than that in urban (21.13%(239/1131)) Muchuan County from 2006 to 2015, (χ²=324.75 and 22.77, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusion The epidemic situation of PTB in Yi district is serious. The Yi people, young and middle-aged men and the peasants should be regarded as high-risk groups in the two counties, and these persons will be the focus of the work of TB prevention and control.}

Key words: Tuberculosis,pulmonary, Registries, Small-area analysis, Minority groups, Epidemiologic study characteristics as topic, Yi nationality