Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of drug resistant tuberculosis among floating population in Shenzhen, and provide scientific evidence for TB control.  Methods Six hundred and eighty two cases of the sputum culture positive tuberculosis registered in 2010 among floating population were enrolled, the number of the initial patients and retreatment patients was 595 and 87 respectively. Species identification and drug sensitivity tests were performed, basic information were collected by questionnaire survey, multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relevance between risk factors and drug resistance. Results Among the 682 patients enrolled in the study, the overall drug resistance rate was 17.74%（121/682）, the rates of initial and acquired drug resistance were 15.29%（91/595）and 34.48%（30/87）respectively; the overall multidrug-resistance rates were 5.87%（40/682）, 4.20%（25/595） and 17.24%（15/87）for initial and acquired multidrug-resistance respectively; the rate of the resistance to any single drug was 9.24%（63/682）; and the rate of resistance to one or more anti-tuberculosis drugs was 2.64%（18/682）. The highest drug resistance rate was from S, followed with H, R and E. The drug resistance rate of retreatment patients was significantly higher than that of the initial patients（χ²=19.15, P＜0.01）. Multivariate analysis showed that women（OR=1.623，95%CI=1.023-2.598，P＜0.05）,retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis（OR=3.648，95%CI=2.133-6.237，P＜0.01） and treatment interruption（OR=2.847，95%CI=1.718-4.718，P＜0.01）were significantly correlated to the drug resistance. Conclusion The prevalence of drug resistance tuberculosis among floating population in Shenzhen was relatively high. Women,retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis and treatment interruption were the main influencing factors associated with drug resistance.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Drug resistance, bacterial, Residential mobility, Shenzhen city