Abstract: Objective To discuss the clinical characters and diagnosis Methods of primary smear and culture negative pulmonary tuberculosis cases.Methods The clinical characters of 412 cases primary smear and culture negative pulmonary tuberculosis cases from Jun.2004 to Feb.2006 were reviewed and analyzed,and the clinical showings and X-rays features of the 2 years were dynamically observed.Sputum were checked for three times,namely before the treatment and at treatment of 2nd,5th,6th month.Sputum culture was made before the treatment.Meanwhile,the patients received anti-tuberculosis antibody test and PPD test.Results The clinical symptoms of primary smear and culture negative pulmonary tuberculosis cases are mainly slight coughing,flaccid and night sweating.Nothing was found on another 11.4% cases in physical examinations.Through the whole procedure of anti-tuberculosis treatment with common dosage,the rate of symptom improvement,assimilation of cavity and function recovery shown by X-rays was 98.3%.Conclusion Sputum negative pulmonary tuberculosis can be diagnosed in a comprehensive way.Coughing,flaccid,emptysis,low fever and night sweating are the clues combined with X-rays and laboratory examination.X-rays is one of the important Methods to diagnose sputum negative pulmonary tuberculosis.After treatment,the most ideal outcome is tuberculosis assimilated wholly,followed by tuberculosis assimilated with cavity,and tuberculosis assimilated with scobination.The 6-month regimen is available in treating the primary smear and culture negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Key words: Pulmonary tuberculosis/diagnosis, Sputum