Abstract: Objective To determine the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis,evaluate the effections of the efforts on tuberculosis control and provide scientific evidences for developing 2001—2010 tuberculosis control programme in Xinjiang.Methods The multi stratified grouping random sampleing and the proportional sampling method was used.The tuberculosis cases were screened by sputum examination,X ray and PPD test.Results The prevalence rate of active,bacteriological positive and smear positive was 463.65/100?000,252.23/100?000 and 159.50/100?000 respectively.It declined 42.7%,23.3% and 33.8% on the baseline of 1990 respectively.The annual reduction rate was 5.4%,2.6% and 4.1% respectively.The mortality of tuberculosis and pulmonary tuberculosis was 38.10/100?000 and 34.64/100?000 respectively.It declined 33.3% and 37.5% on the baseline of 1990 respectively.The prevalence in south part of Xinjiang was higher than that of north part.The prevalence in rural area was higher than that of urban area.The prevalence in minority nationalities was higher than that of Han nationality.Conclusion The tuberculosis epidemiological situation was still serious,The efforts on tuberculosis control should be strengthened.The modern tuberculosis control strategy that focus on infectious cases should be implemented continuously.The minority nationalities and rural areas should be the priority area of tuberculosis,The case management should be strengthened at the same time that increasing case finding for ensuring higher cure rate.

Key words: Pulmonary tuberculosis/epidemiology, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region