Abstract: Objective To investigate the culture shock phenomenon of new admitted pulmonary tuberculosis patients and provide scientific basis for nursing.   Methods 1 000 new patients are sampled and surveyed by questionnaire, 1 000 copy of valid questionnaires were collected（610 males and 390 females）. Results Approximately 61.1% new pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to hospital presents the phenomenon of culture shock, Sex、age、education level、economic status、ethnic are related factors of culture shock with significantly difference. Anxiety, fear, frustration, despair prevail in positive cases of culture shock which affectting the treatment effect in patients with tuberculosis seriously.   Conclusion s Culture shock phenomenon was closely related to factors such as patients unfamiliarity to hospitals culture and a lack of information,adaptability barriers, communication barriers, daily habits, attitudes and beliefs change, individual differences and other factors.According to transcultural nursing theory，personalized and humanistic care should be implemented for new admitted pulmonary tuberculosis patients centering on cultural care with comprehensive use of a variety of ways and means to help this group to enhance transcultural adaptability，reducing and even eliminating the symptoms of culture shock，going smoothly through transcultural adaptability period to obtain significant treatment effect and a speedy recovery.

Key words: tuberculosis pulmonary/nursing, cultural competency, transcultural nursing