Abstract: Objective To publicize the tuberculosis prevention knowledge through the one to one mode of health education to the residents of rural areas by village doctors, and evaluate the model’s role in improving the awareness rate of tuberculosis knowledge. Methods According to economic development level, physiographic condition and population feature, we selected Kai county as our research site. Through stratified cluster sampling method, we selected one village that had representative traffic and economic condition. There were 310 residents selected with random sampling method. At first, the selected residents had been surveyed with questionnaire in the baseline investigation for awareness rate of tuberculosis. The questionnaire includes general condition and core information of tuberculosis. The information comes from core awareness information of tuberculosis (2010 edition) in the health promotion manual of China tuberculosis control program. In the baseline investigation, we handed out 310 questionnaires and all were returned and valid. Then the village doctors carried out one to one mode of health education in the two villages. After 6 months, we carried out cross-sectional investigation again to evaluate the effect. This time, we again handed out 310 questionnaires and all were returned and valid. We used SPSS 19.0 to analyze awareness rate of tuberculosis. We used Chi-square test, and P<0.01 was considered statistically significant.  Results The general awareness rate of TB knowledge was 30.6%(855/2790) in the baseline investigation. After the one to one mode health promotion of 6 months, this rate increased to 77.8%(2170/2790) (χ²=1248.4，P<0.01). The awareness rate of information “cough and expectoration for more than 2 weeks should be suspected of TB disease” has been increased to 92.9%(288/310).The awareness rate of information “covering nose and mouth when coughing and sneezing, spiting will reduce the spread of tuberculosis” has been increased from 40.3%(125/310) to 89.7%(278/310) (χ²=166.0，P<0.01). The awareness rate of information “wash your hands frequently, ventilation and physical fitness can be effective in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis” has been increased  from 25.2%(78/310) to 81.9%(254/310)（χ²=200.9，P<0.01）. The proportion of people “getting knolwedge from medical personnel” has increased from 26.1%(81/310) to 42.9%(133/310) (χ²=19.3,P<0.01).  Conclusion The one to one mode of health education and promotion by village doctors has been proved effectively in raising the awareness rate of tuberculosis in rural areas.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary/prevention &, control, Rural doctors, Health promotion, Awareness