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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 863-868.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2020.08.016

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

卡介苗的免疫保护机制及其改造策略进展

杨鲁琦, 沈鸣逸, 沙巍, 陈颖盈(), 王颖   

  1. 200025 上海交通大学医学院上海市免疫学研究所(杨鲁琦、沈鸣逸、陈颖盈、王颖);同济大学附属上海市肺科医院结核科(沙巍)
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-23 出版日期:2020-08-10 发布日期:2020-08-10
  • 通信作者: 陈颖盈 E-mail:yingying.chen@shsmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10731301001004);“十三五”国家科技重大专项(2018ZX1030230100-2002);国家自然科学基金(81873868);上海市科委“优秀学术带头人”计划项目(18XD1403300);上海交通大学医学院“大学生创新训练计划”(1319018);上海市“科技创新行动计划”自然科学基金面上项目(19ZR1445800);上海市感染性疾病(结核病)临床医学研究中心(19MC1910800)

Research progress in immunoprotective mechanism of bacille Calmette-Guérin and vaccine development strategies

YANG Lu-qi, SHEN Ming-yi, SHA Wei, CHEN Ying-ying(), WANG Ying   

  1. Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025,China
  • Received:2020-03-23 Online:2020-08-10 Published:2020-08-10
  • Contact: CHEN Ying-ying E-mail:yingying.chen@shsmu.edu.cn

摘要:

结核病是目前全球死亡率最高的单一感染性疾病。卡介苗(bacille Calmette-Guérin,BCG)作为唯一的预防性疫苗,在包括中国在内的结核病高危地区的新生儿出生时即被接种,在结核病防控中发挥了重要作用。然而,近年来的研究结果显示,BCG的保护力具有一定的时效性,尤其在成年人中保护力明显减弱。因此,如何改造BCG以增强其抗结核免疫保护作用将成为结核病疫苗研发和结核病防控的重点研究方向之一。作者复习相关文献,从BCG的改造和接种两方面论述BCG的研究现状和未来应用策略。

关键词: 结核, 卡介苗, 免疫活性, 药物评价, 疫苗, 合成, 预防和控制, 综述

Abstract:

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most severe single infectious diseases leading to high mortality in the world. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed preventive TB vaccine, which is routinely administered in newborns in high burden countries including China, and provides significant protection against TB. However, recent researches reveal that the protection provided by BCG is time-sensitive, especially declined in adults. Therefore, how to reform BCG to augment the protective immunity against TB becomes one of the principal strategies in the vaccine development and the prevention of infection. Herein, the authors will review the research progress to discuss about the current status in BCG vaccine development and vaccination strategies and their future application.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Bacille Calmette-Guérin, Immunocompetence, Drug evaluation, Vaccines, synthetic, Prevention and control, Review