关键词: 结核, 住院病人, 健康教育, 专职健康教育护士, 问卷调查, 健康知识, 态度, 实践, 结果评价(卫生保健)

Abstract:

Objective To explore a health education model with low investment and high benefit by analyzing the intervention effect of full-time health education nurses on tuberculosis patients. Methods To collect 340 TB patients from June to December 2018 and 300 TB patients January to June 2019, which were hospitalized in the Tuberculosis Department of Beijing Chest Hospital and of them 12 and 4 deaf mute, foreign and invalid patients were excluded respectively. Finally, 328 cases (control group, health education provided by responsible nurses) and 296 cases (cohort group, health education provided by full-time health education nurses) were finally included. The data were collected by questionnaires and follow-up after discharge(return visit). Questionnaires included health education knowledge evaluation form (including 20 choice questions with tuberculosis prevention and control core information and key points, among of them 5 points for correct answer and 0 points for wrong answer; 100 points for full score) and health education satisfaction questionnaire (including 15 questions with admission propaganda and education, disease knowledge, discharge guidance and service attitude; select very satisfied, general and dissatisfied for 3 points, 2 points and 1 point respectively; 45 points for full score).And then to compare the awareness of health education knowledge (including awareness rate and average score of evaluation), and patient satisfaction and follow-up compliance (including timely return visit, late return visit and never return visit; the rate of timely return visit as the good follow-up compliance). Results The average score of health education knowledge evaluation (92.42±5.64) and total awareness rate (92.41% (5471/5920)) for cohort group were significantly higher than control group (67.52±9.14,67.74% (4444/6560))(t=-41.004,P<0.001;χ²=2520.110,P<0.001). The scores of health education satisfaction (7.70±0.86), disease knowledge (17.53±1.25), discharge guidance (7.70±0.84) and service attitude (5.07±0.73) for cohort group were higher than those in control group (7.02±0.80, 16.14±1.25, 7.06±0.85 and 4.30±0.55,respectively) (t=-9.700,-13.364,-9.531,-15.387, all P<0.001). The compliance of follow up on time strictly for cohort group(86.82%(257/296)) was significantly higher than control group (55.79%(183/328))(χ²=73.760,P<0.001). Conclusion The full-time health education nurses can improve the awareness rate of health education, health education quality, nursing satisfaction and treatment compliance of patients, which is worthy of promotion in tuberculosis ward.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Inpatients, Health education, Full-time health education nurses, Questionnaires, Health knowledge, attitudes, practice, Outcome assessment (health care)