中国防痨杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 178-184.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2020.02.018
• 综述 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2019-10-09
出版日期:
2020-02-10
发布日期:
2020-02-19
通信作者:
江咏梅
E-mail:jiangyongmei-1@163.com
LYU Chun-yang,LUO Jing-jing,SHI Hua,LI Ming-yuan,JIANG Yong-mei()
Received:
2019-10-09
Online:
2020-02-10
Published:
2020-02-19
Contact:
Yong-mei JIANG
E-mail:jiangyongmei-1@163.com
摘要:
儿童结核病是全球结核病防控工作的重要组成部分,诊断儿童结核病主要依靠实验室检查结果,但由于儿童结核病本身和标本的特殊性,实验室准确、快速地诊断儿童结核病仍面临挑战。病原学诊断作为儿童结核病诊断的金标准,其敏感度不佳;以超敏结核分枝杆菌和利福平耐药基因检测(Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra)为代表的新型分子生物学检测技术因其较高的敏感度和较短的检测时间有其应用前景;结核菌素皮肤试验(TST)被WHO推荐用于中低收入国家;直接抗原检测技术在少菌、肺外结核标本中敏感度高,在儿童结核病的检测中具有独特价值;其他免疫学新方法对于区分潜伏和活动性结核感染方面具有重要意义;此外,目前已有检测结核分枝杆菌感染后基因表达、蛋白质产生和生物标志物变化的新方法投入研究。留取多份标本或不同标本类型、不同检测方法联合检测有助于提高儿童结核病的检出率。提高结核病在现有方法和非侵入性、易获取标本中的检出率,以及评估新的生物标志物和新技术的适用性是未来儿童结核病实验室诊断研究的方向。
吕纯阳,罗晶晶,石华,李明远,江咏梅. 儿童结核病的实验室诊断现状与进展[J]. 中国防痨杂志, 2020, 42(2): 178-184. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2020.02.018
LYU Chun-yang,LUO Jing-jing,SHI Hua,LI Ming-yuan,JIANG Yong-mei. Tuberculosis in children:Current status and advances in laboratory diagnosis[J]. Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis, 2020, 42(2): 178-184. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2020.02.018
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