肺结核患者密切接触者潜伏性结核感染预防性治疗研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2019.09.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

肺结核患者密切接触者是结核分枝杆菌感染和活动性肺结核发病的高危人群之一,对处于潜伏感染状态的密切接触者进行预防性治疗可以降低其结核病的发病率。作者针对目前已报道的在潜伏感染的肺结核患者密切接触者中开展预防性治疗的研究展开讨论,以明确该人群预防性治疗的研究进展,以及存在的问题和对策,为将来进一步研究探索提供建议。

关键词: 结核,肺, 接触者追踪, 潜伏性结核病, 抗生素预防, 综述文献(主题), 预防性治疗

Abstract:

Close contacts of tuberculosis patients is one of the high-risk groups for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and active tuberculosis. Preventive treatment of close contacts with latent infection can decrease the incidence of tuberculosis. This study discusses the current researches on preventive treatment in close contacts with latent tuberculosis infection to clarify the research progress and existing problems of preventive treatment in this group, and to provide suggestions for further researches and explorations in the future.

Key words: Tuberculosis,pulmonary, Contact tracing, Latent tuberculosis, Antibiotic prophylaxis, Review literature as topic, Preventive treatment

任哲雯,成君,徐彩红,张慧. 肺结核患者密切接触者潜伏性结核感染预防性治疗研究进展[J]. 中国防痨杂志, 2019, 41(9): 1021-1024. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2019.09.020

Zhe-wen REN,Jun CHENG,Cai-hong XU,Hui ZHANG. Progression of preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in close contacts of patients with tuberculosis[J]. Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis, 2019, 41(9): 1021-1024. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2019.09.020

图/表 1

参考文献 30

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治疗方案	剂量	疗程	推荐机构
6~9个月INH单药	成人5mg/kg,儿童10mg/kg,最大剂量300mg/d	6~9个月,每日服药	WHO^[7]
3(Rft+INH)	(1)INH:12岁及以上 15mg/kg;12岁以下,25mg/kg;最大剂量900mg/d。(2)Rft:体质量0.0~14.0kg,300mg/d;体质量14.1~25.0kg,450mg/d;体质量25.1~32.0kg,600mg/d;体质量32.1~50.0kg,750mg/d。最大剂量900mg/d	3个月,1次/周或2次/周	WHO^[7]
4个月RFP单药	成人10mg/kg,儿童15mg/kg,最大剂量600mg/d	4个月,每日服药	WHO^[7]
3(RFP+INH)	(1)INH:成人5mg/kg,儿童10mg/kg,最大剂量300mg/d。(2)RFP:成人10mg/kg,儿童15mg/kg,最大剂量600mg/d	3个月,每日服药	WHO^[7]