2015—2017年西安口岸出入境人员结核病监测情况分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2019.02.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解西安口岸出入境人员活动性肺结核的监测情况,为开展口岸结核病防控提供依据。方法以2015—2017年在西安口岸出入境时进行健康体检的所有人员为研究对象,共63368名。根据研究对象在出入境健康体检传染病筛查中胸部X线摄影表现、PPD试验结果和实验室痰涂片联合GeneXpert MTB/RIF技术检测结果进行结核病诊断,分析3年来西安口岸出入境人员在不同时间、流向、性别、年龄、职业或人员类别等特征下结核病的检出情况。结果 3年间共检出活动性肺结核患者106例,检出率167.28/10万(106/63368),其中痰涂片联合GeneXpert MTB/RIF技术检测病原学阳性56例,阳性率52.83%(56/106)。男性活动性肺结核患者检出率[191.21/10万(92/48115)]高于女性[91.79/10万(14/15253)],两者比较差异有统计学意义(χ ²=6.86,P<0.05);30~岁组活动性肺结核患者检出率最高[227.06/10万(46/20259)],<20岁组最低[68.55/10万(4/5835)],各年龄组总体差异有统计学意义(χ ²=10.11,P<0.05);出境人员活动性肺结核患者检出率[184.79/10万(95/51411)]高于入境人员[92.00/10万(11/11957)],差异有统计学意义(χ ²=5.00,P<0.05);不同职业或人员类别中劳务人员活动性肺结核患者检出率最高[202.81/10万(89/43883)],留学生最低[75.30/10万(7/9296)],总体差异有统计学意义(Fisher确切概率法,P<0.05)。结论西安口岸出入境人员活动性肺结核疫情较高,需采取综合防控措施加强口岸结核病防控力度,其中30岁左右的劳务人员是防控的重点人群。

关键词: 结核,肺, 人群监测, 传染病控制, 出入境人员

Abstract:

Objective To understand the surveillance of active pulmonary tuberculosis among entry-exit people in Xi’an port, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of tuberculosis at ports. Methods A total of 63368 people were selected in the health examination at the Xi’an port from January 2015 to December 2017. The chest X-ray findings, PPD and laboratory sputum smears combined with GeneXpert MTB/RIF test results were used to diagnose tuberculosis in the screening of entry-exit people health examination. Analyzing the detection of tuberculosis under the characteristics of different time, personnel flow, gender, age, occupation or personnel category in Xi’an port for 3 years. Results A total of 106 active pulmonary tuberculosis patients were detected in 3 years, the detection rate was 167.28/100000 (106/63368). Fifty-six cases were positive for sputum smear combined with GeneXpert MTB/RIF, and the positive rate was 52.83% (56/106). The detection rate of male active pulmonary tuberculosis patients (191.21/100000 (92/48115))was higher than that of women (91.79/100000 (14/15253)), and the difference was statistically significant (χ ²=6.86,P<0.05); The detection rate in the 30- year-old group was the highest (227.06/100000 (46/20259)), and the lowest in the 20- years old group (68.55/100000 (4/5835)), the overall difference in all age groups was statistically significant (χ ²=10.11,P<0.05); The detection rate of exit personnels (184.79/100000 (95/51411)) was higher than that who were entry (92.00/100000 (11/11957)), and the difference was statistically significant (χ ²=5.00,P<0.05); In different occupations or personnel categories, the highest detection rate was among laborers (202.81/100000 (89/43883)), and the lowest was among students (75.30/100000 (7/9296)), the overall difference was statistically significant (Fisher exact probability test, P<0.05). Conclusion The condition of active pulmonary tuberculosis among entry-exit people in Xi’an port is relatively serious. It is necessary to take measures to strengthen the prevention and control of tuberculosis at the port, and the laborers around 30 years old are the key people under surveillance.

Key words: Tuberculosis,pulmonary, Population surveillance, Communicable disease control, Entry-exit people

张琳,薛喜桩,李小谋. 2015—2017年西安口岸出入境人员结核病监测情况分析[J]. 中国防痨杂志, 2019, 41(2): 222-226. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2019.02.018

Lin ZHANG,Xi-zhuang XUE,Xiao-mou LI. Analysis of TB surveillance among entry-exit people in Xi’an port between 2015 and 2017[J]. Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis, 2019, 41(2): 222-226. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2019.02.018

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不同特征	人数(名)	构成比(%)
性别
男	48115	75.93
女	15253	24.07
年龄组(岁)
<20	5835	9.21
20~	18275	28.84
30~	20259	31.97
40~	8883	14.02
>50	10116	15.96
流向
出境	51411	81.13
入境	11957	18.87
职业或人员类别
公务	4613	7.28
劳务	43883	69.25
留学生	9296	14.67
交通员工	1267	2.00
涉外婚姻	570	0.90
旅游及其他	3739	5.90

年份	受检者 (名)	检出活动性肺结核例数	检出率 (/10万)	病原学检测阳性例数	阳性率 (%)
2015	21 157	37	174.88	17	45.95
2016	21 565	31	143.75	18	58.06
2017	20 646	38	184.06	21	55.26
合计	63 368	106	167.28	56	52.83
χ²值			1.14		1.13
P值			0.570		0.570

类别	活动性肺结核例数	病原学检测阳性例数	阳性率 (%)	统计检验值	P值
性别				χ²=0.05	0.820
男	92	49	53.26
女	14	7	50.00
年龄组(岁)				χ²=2.42	0.660
<20	4	1	25.00
20~	32	15	46.88
30~	44	26	59.09
40~	9	5	55.56
>50	17	9	52.94
流向				χ²=0.27	0.610
出境	95	51	53.68
入境	11	5	45.45
职业或人员类别				Fisher确切概率法	0.030
公务	4	1	25.00
劳务	88	53	60.23
留学生	7	1	14.29
交通员	2	0	0.00
涉外婚姻	1	0	0.00
旅游及其他	4	1	25.00
合计	106	56	52.83