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中国防痨杂志 ›› 2018, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 447-454.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2018.05.003

• 专家论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

儿童结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染的筛查和预防性治疗

祁雪,田建岭,孙琳,申阿东()   

  1. 100045 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院呼吸感染疾病研究室 北京市儿科研究所 儿科学国家重点学科 教育部儿科重大疾病研究重点实验室 儿童呼吸道感染性疾病研究北京市重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-16 出版日期:2018-05-10 发布日期:2018-06-12
  • 通信作者: 申阿东 E-mail:shenad16@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81571950);首都卫生发展科研专项(2016-1-2092)

Detection and preventive treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in children

Xue QI,Jian-ling TIAN,Lin SUN,A-dong SHEN()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Beijing Pedia-tric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
  • Received:2018-03-16 Online:2018-05-10 Published:2018-06-12
  • Contact: A-dong SHEN E-mail:shenad16@hotmail.com

摘要:

结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染(latent tuberculosis infection,LTBI)严重危害儿童健康。儿童时期的LTBI多由成人传播而来,能够反映所在地结核分枝杆菌的传播流行和疾病控制情况,以及成人结核病流行情况。加强儿童LTBI的管理对于全球结核病的防控具有重要的意义。然而,针对儿童LTBI的筛查指征及方法、预防性治疗方案的选择仍缺乏统一的标准及共识。笔者对WHO指南、不同国家指南及建议、相关临床研究等进行归纳总结,有助于临床医生深入了解儿童LTBI高风险人群及筛查流程;通过推荐相关预防性干预方案,推动儿童LTBI的管理和诊治。

关键词: 儿童, 潜伏性结核病, 综合预防, 预防和防护用药, 干预性研究

Abstract:

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTIB) seriously endangers children’s health. In children, LTBI is mostly transmitted from adult, which reflects the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, disease control and epidemic situation of adult tuberculosis (TB). Therefore, strengthening the management of LTBI in children is of great significance to the prevention and control of global TB. However, there is still a lack of uniform standards and consensus for the selection of the screening indications and methods for children LTBI and the selection of preventive treatment options. The author summarizes the WHO guidelines, guidelines and recommendations of different countries and relevant clinical studies to help clinical doctors understand children LTBI high-risk groups and the screening process, and recommends relevant preventive intervention plan, so as to promote the management and diagnosis of children LTBI.

Key words: Child, Latent tuberculosis, Universal precautions, Protective agents, Intervention studies