白细胞介素7与15在抗结核感染中的作用及应用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2018.04.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

白细胞介素(IL)-7与IL-15作为IL-2家族细胞因子,近年来由于其调控T细胞分化与增殖及其在免疫记忆形成与维持过程中的重要作用而备受关注。IL-7和IL-15均具有与IL-2相似的异三聚体结构,共同参与两面神激酶(Janus kinase,JAK;是一类非跨膜型的酪氨酸激酶)/信号转导子和转录激活子(signal transducer and activator of transcription,STAT)信号通路,并参与调节辅助性T淋巴细胞(Th)1/Th2型细胞因子的平衡。相对于IL-2,IL-7和IL-15在维持机体T淋巴细胞抗结核感染中可持续发挥作用,且在结核病发生发展过程中的动态变化使其有望实现对结核病的鉴别诊断。此外,IL-7和IL-15能提高机体二次免疫应答的水平,因而在结核病预防或治疗性疫苗研究方面发挥的作用亦值得期待。

关键词: 白细胞介素7, 白细胞介素15, 免疫,细胞, 结核, 免疫系统过程, 综述

Abstract:

Interleukin (IL)-7 and IL-15, the members of IL-2 family, have attracted much attention because of their important roles in regulating T cell differentiation and proliferation and information and maintenance of immune memory recently. Both IL-7 and IL-15 have a heterotripolymer structure similar to that of IL-2, are involved in the Janus kinase (a class of non-transmembrane tyrosine kinases)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, and play a role in regulating the balance of the helper T lymphocyte (Th) 1/2 cytokines. Compared with IL-2, IL-7 and IL-15 can sustainably play a role in maintaining anti-tuberculosis (TB) function of T lymphocytes, and differentially diagnose TB due to their dynamic profile during infection. Furthermore,IL-7 and IL-15 can enhance secondary immune responses and play an important role in the development of prophylactic or therapeutic anti-TB vaccines.

Key words: Interleukin-7, Interleukin-15, Immunity,cellular, Tuberculosis, Immune system processes, Review

刘冰靥,王德成,范小勇. 白细胞介素7与15在抗结核感染中的作用及应用[J]. 中国防痨杂志, 2018, 40(4): 425-428. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2018.04.015

Bing-ye LIU,De-cheng WANG,Xiao-yong FAN. The role and application of cytokines interleukin-7 and interleukin-15 in tuberculosis infection[J]. Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis, 2018, 40(4): 425-428. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6621.2018.04.015

图/表 1

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名称	结构与大小	主要合成场所	受体	功能
IL-2	相对分子质量15500,133个氨基酸,四螺旋结构	活化的T细胞	IL-2Rα和IL-2Rβ、γ被活化的T/B细胞共表达	自然杀伤细胞(NK细胞)、T细胞与B细胞的增殖和分化,消除自身反应性T细胞,介导活化诱导的细胞死亡作用和维护调节性T细胞
IL-7	相对分子质量25000,152个氨基酸,四螺旋结构	骨髓基质细胞和胸腺细胞	由IL-7Rα和IL-7Rγ组成,表达于大多数静息T细胞	促进前B细胞增殖;影响记忆性T细胞的存活;参与和影响调节性T细胞增殖
IL-15	相对分子质量14000~15000,114个氨基酸,四螺旋结构	树突状细胞、巨噬细胞和肌肉组织等	单核巨噬细胞和树突状细胞表面的IL-15Rα将IL-15转运到自然杀伤细胞、CD8⁺ T细胞,表达IL-15Rβ/γ	参与自然杀伤细胞、T细胞及B细胞的增殖和分化,维持CD8⁺ 记忆性T细胞