关键词: 结核,肺, 学生, 流行病学研究特征(主题), 重庆

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in students during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, and to provide evidence for the effective control and prevention of TB during 14th Five-year Plan period. Methods: Using current address and onset date as conditions, the data of PTB epidemic among students in Chongqing from 2016 to 2020 were extracted from the National Health Security Information Project Disease Prevention and Control Information System-Infectious Disease Surveillance Subsystem, the distribution of reported incidence among students was analyzed. Results: A total of 9453 cases of PTB students cases were registered from 2016 to 2020, and an annual reported incidence of PTB among students was 33.78/100000 (9453/27.9844 million), rising from 32.22/100000 (1741/5.4043 million) in 2016 to 37.78/100000 (2101/5.5611 million) in 2018, then slowly decreased to 29.64/100000 (1729/5.8342 million) in 2020 ( {\chi }_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{d}}^2=17.53, P<0.001). The annual average registration rate of smear positive cases were 9.09/100000 (2543/27.9844 million), which increased from 5.51/100000 (298/5.4043 million) to 13.18/100000 (769/5.8342 million) with statistical differences between different years ( {\chi }_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{d}}^2=241.89, P<0.001). The annual incidence peak occurred in March and December of college entrance examination and September of college entrance examination, and the incidence ranged from 11.47% (241/2101) to 15.85% (276/1741). The majority of PTB cases was around 16-18 years old, accounted for 47.73% (4512/9453). The proportion of student patients aged 13-15 years was increased from 12.94% (263/2032) to 21.11% (365/1729)( {\chi }_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{d}}^2=63.18, P<0.001), but the proportion of student patients aged 16-18 years decreased from 52.31% (1063/2032) to 43.78% (757/1729) and 19-22 years decreased from 32.34% (563/1741) to 26.32% (455/1729)( {\chi }_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{d}}^2=35.73, P<0.001; {\chi }_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{d}}^2=20.34, P<0.001). From the point of disease distribution by place, the number of PTB among students in Chongqing from 2016 to 2020 were concentrated in the city cluster of three gorges reservoir area in northeast Chongqing (33.37% (3154/9453)), and second in the new area of Chongqing city proper (23.79% (2249/9453)), the city cluster of Wuling mountain area in southeast Chongqing (23.76% (2246/9453)) and the central urban area of Chongqing (19.08% (1804/9453)). The incidence of the disease in different regions had statistical significance (χ²=48.23,P<0.001). Conclusion: The epidemic situation of PTB among students in Chongqing was still serious. The focus of attention is students aged 16-18 and the students from northeast Chongqing. Implementing active screening will be of great significance to reduce the incidence of PTB among students.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Students, Epidemiologic study characteristics as topic, Chongqing